1 Competency 5 Ariel Nelson Rasmussen University SDA-PSY1012-01 Instructor: Kehiante McKinley September 19, 2023 2 Competency 5 Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. It has existed since the ancient Egyptian and Greek civilizations, mostly as a branch of philosophy, but exploded as an independent branch of scientific research in the 1870s. The influence of psychology is more important and appreciated than ever, and top scientists are constantly discovering new discoveries and applications of psychology. (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2023) Consider, for example, the initial response of early 20th century psychological and medical professionals to World War I veterans. The original theory, written in 1915 by physician Charles Myers, suggested that soldiers experienced “cortical shock” from repeated concussions, resulting in brain damage. When this theory was debunked, the prevailing wisdom at the time was that people suffering from “shell shock” were simply weak or cowardly, despite some estimates that nearly 20 percent of World War I veterans developed the disease. Modern psychologists are almost unanimous that shell shock was what we now commonly call posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Butterworth, 2018). Psychological principles influence the study of individual differences so that it reflects the difference between individuals. Because everyone is unique, each person responds differently to each program, and this uniqueness can be related to gender, injuries and chronic illnesses, past experiences, genetics, shape, and size. Many of the most important modern applications of psychology have to do with protecting people from mental and physical harm and giving them the mental bandwidth, they need to face the psychological threats that many people face every day. Psychological symptoms 3 that require diagnosis and management can affect things like relationships, work stress and financial difficulties, which is why modern psychology is emerging and why it is so important. Despite the popular media stereotype of the private practitioner, psychology professionals have access to a wide variety of industries and fields, from education and criminal justice to marketing and politics. Today, the study of psychology is so widespread that different fields or branches of psychology are widely recognized and often used in many industries. Some of the subdisciplines of psychology include:  Family – Family psychology, sometimes called family therapy, focuses on the relationships found with the family.  Sports – Sports psychology focuses on how psychological factors can affect an athlete’s performance.  Business – Business psychology focuses on the effectiveness of a workplace or organization by studying people and general behavior in the workplace.  Media – Media psychology focuses on the complex relationship between media and its influence on human behavior. The field of work and organizational psychology is characterized by the scientific study of human behavior in organizations and the workplace. This specialty focuses on deriving principles of behavior for individuals, groups, and organizations and applying that knowledge to problem solving in the workplace. Although law and psychology are two different fields, they have many similarities. The goal of psychology is to understand behavior, and the goal of law is to regulate behavior, but both fields assume what causes people to behave the way they do. Many psychologists are researching ways to improve the legal system. 4 These psychological principles will help your students learn more effectively. The principles are organized in five areas of psychological activity: cognition and learning; motivation; social and emotional dimensions; context and learning; and evaluation. 5 References Butterworth, B. (2018). What World War I taught us about PTSD Retrieved from: https://theconversation.com/what-world-war-i-taught-us-about-ptsd-105613 “Psychology.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/psychology. Accessed 19 Sep. 2023.
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